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Showing posts with label European. Show all posts
Showing posts with label European. Show all posts

Wednesday, June 10, 2020

Do you need to explain the moral of a story to a modern audience of several nationalisties?

Whether you are speaking in person or online, you often have people of different ages and nationalities in the audience. I am a member of a Toastmasters clubs in the West and in the East.

I am a member of a club in London, England, called Harrovians. Harrow is an area with a large immigrant population, Europeans and Indians.At my London club, I have also met three Chinese people.



I am also a member of three clubs in Singapore and a Singaporean online club with speakers from the USA, Europe, India and China.

European folk tales are familiar to us in Europe. But not to others. Unless they have seen the Disney version of Cinderella.

The majority of the population in Singapore is ethnic Chinese. I belong to the English language Toastmasters clubs.

1 Cinderella And Glass Slippers
In Singapore at a Braddell Heights Advanced speakers club workshop, I referred to Cinderella, sugesting the audience should take turns telling the story. Which everyone in Europe and the USA would know.

But a Chinese listener said, 'I have never heard of Cinderella.'

The Frenhc version was written by Perrault. Most English people would greet that information with blank looks.
Disney produced a film of Cinderella in 1950. Before most of my audience were born.




I asked, 'Name a story about a girl which Chinese children would know."

Chinese Folk Tales
She said, 'I grew up knowing the story of Mulan.'

The Chinese folk tales are all totally different. A Western audience, especially the older ones, won't know them. Unless they have seen the Disney version of Mulan.

You can amuse a foreign audience with a story which will strike them as totally new. But you have to explain everything.

What is a glass slipper? A glass flip-flop? A Chinese listener is trying to work out whether it is a day shoe or a pair of evening shoes, dance shoes, ballet shoes, and what is the significance of glass?

You need to explain the moral of the story.

Indian Folk Tales
I have listened to several Indian folk tales and completely missed the moral which was obvious to the Indian listeners. Jokes and cultural assumptions can be completely different.

2, Gravestones
I ended a talk with Spike Milligan's joke on his gravestone, "I told you I was ill."

Aftereards I asked for questions. An Indian asked, 'What's a gravestone?'

He didn't understand. I xplained, 'When you bury a dead body, you mark the place with a gravestone.'

He looked puzzled. He said, 'In my part of the world we don't bury people. Mostly we have cremation. Near the Ganges they put bodies in the river."

They don't have gravestones marking non-existent graves.

Indians grown up hearing Indian folk tales.

3.The Brothers Inheriting The Seeds
I heard an Eastern story about two brothers. Both were given a seed by the dying father.

One brother planted the seed given by the father expecting it to grow. The other brother didn't plant, but kept the seed in a box.

Who was the son who cared most for the father? Which son did the father praise?

However, the punchline praise went to the brother who did not plant the seed.

Everyone applauded. Everyone nodded. Everyone agreed it was the best story of the evening. The story teller won the prize ribbon for best speaker.

I was puzzled. I thought, the audience is over-polite. The story teller has mixed up the names of the brothers.

I afterwards asked the storyteller the point of the story. In my mind, the story was similar to the biblical story. I was sure that the moral was either: you should plant seeds, work hard, or, plan for the future.

A suitable story for gardeners, investors, entrepreneurs. For parents with lazy children.

But the storyteller said the moral was: don't be materialistic. The love of the father's gift was more important than its value.

I thought, no wonder they are starving in India. That was not the thought I was supposed to take away. The moral is, try out your speech. Make the message clear at both the start at the end. Check that the foreigners have understood the characters plot, and moral and call to action.

About the Author
Angela Lansbury, travel writer and photographer, author and speaker.
I and my family have lived in the UK, Spain, the USA and Singapore. I am a trave writer and phtographer and teacher of English A level and English as a foreign language.

Please come to a Toastmasters International Club where the English clubs have a langauge evaluator or grammarian.  We also have French, German, Mandarin Chinese, Tamil and other language clubs based in Singapore and many more online around the world which because of Covid-19 are now meeting online.

I am President of Braddell Heights Advanced, meeting every Wednesday, on zoom the first Wednesday of the month but the other Wednesdays are workshops on app learncool.sg
Or quicker to type and easier to remember:  tinyurl.com/BHACOOL

Useful Websites
https://travelwithangelalansbury.blogs
translate.google.com
duolingo.com

Thursday, March 28, 2019

Should you and I learn Esperanto or Interlingua or Ido?


Esperanto flag. From Wikipedia.

Why Esperanto?
Esperanto was invented by Zamenhof who lived in a town where people spoke different languages. He wanted to make communication easier, to improve business and communication and co-operation.

I started learning Esperanto years ago from a correspondence course. Such a great idea - one language which could be used to speak to people from many cultures. Best of all, quick to learn. But eventually I dropped it.

In Poland, when I visited a Jewish cemetery in Warsaw, I saw the grave of Zamenhof, and my interest in Esperanto was revived.

I took up Esperanto again in Singapore, which has four languages, English, Chinese, Malay and Tamil, when I found I could learn Esperanto on Duolingo.

Advantages of Duolingo
When I started learning languages on Duolingo, I tried a dozen different languages. I soon decided that for me, as an English speaker and French speaker, Spanish and Italian were easy to understand.  So I started Spanish.

When reading, German was easiest to say. German does not have the rolled r of Spanish. German intonation is easier. So I started German.

Italian Pronunciation
I struggled with the intonation of Italian. I used to rhyme trattoria with Victoria, until my husband pointed out that the accent is the second to last syllable. i struggled with this until I changed my reference word from English sounding Victoria to Italian sounding Maria.)

Asian Languages and Chinese
These were all a problem, for me to learn, and when trying to teach English as a foreign language. Now was the time to try Chinese on Duolingo. Esperanto on Duolingo was a revelation. Esperanto did not invariably use a and the. Neither did Chinese! I realised that the Chinese (Mandarin) speaking learners were not confusing 'a' and 'the'. The Chinese did not leave out 'a' and 'the' because the speaker was confused which one to use. The speaker did not have 'a' and 'the' at all in their language. I could see that Esperanto would be easier for them to learn. As well as easier for me to learn.

Russian and German seemed to have six ways of saying a and the, like French which has le for masculine, and la for feminine, but plurals for the (like converting the to they or those, as in 'les') as in Spanish. Oh - how much easier to learn Esperanto!

Advantages of Esperanto
1 Esperanto is the most widely learned artificial language.
2 It is logical, made up from root words, mainly from the Latin and French and Spanish and Italian.
3 This makes it both predictable and memorable.
Obviously easy for those speaking English or a Europea first language.
4 You do not have to remember a and the. La is the and you don't need an. But you can't translate back into English word for word. You have to remember to add the an in English if the la, meaning, the is missing before a noun.
5 Diacritics - those little symbols. They tell you pronunciation and reduce the numbers of letters you need. makes writing faster - jus add a little dot to change s to sh,  - but typing is slower if you don't have the diacritics on you r keyboard and have to find out how to load the esperanto or you need to copy the words from Google translate.
6 You can read in Esperanto: the bible, Shakespeare, and a Wikipedia version in Esperanto.

Disadvantages of Esperanto
1 It doesn't sound as good as Italian, or even Spanish.
2 Nor does it key you into any country or culture. However, that is supposed to be an advantage. Esperanto is neutral, not favouring any nationality.

Interlingua
From an article in Wikipedia about the man Alexander Gode (and his influence on Interlingua) I extracted this essential information which sums up Interlingua.

Interlingua flag in Wikipedia. Photo by Architengi, public domain.

Interlingua

I have copied from Wikipedia but made changes for clarity.

Grammar

Interlingua, like English, has a definite article and an indefinite article. The definite article (the) is li, and the indefinite (equivalent to English a, an) is un.
The plural of a noun is made by adding -s after a vowel, or -es after most consonants.[89]
To avoid pronunciation and stress changes, words ending in -c, -g, and -m only add an -s:
For example:
un libre, du libres,
un angul, tri angules,
li tric, li trics, li plug, li plugs, li album, pluri albums, li tram, du trams.

Personal pronouns

Interlingua has two forms for the personal pronouns: one for the subject form (nominative), and another for the object form (accusative or dative). In short, the personal pronouns in the subject form are:
SingularPlural
firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
EnglishIyouhesheitweyouthey
Occidentalyotuilellaitnoivuili (illos, ellas)

From a traveller's point of view, it is easier to learn Interlingua, which is my favourite in theory, but more people speak Esperanto, so if you want to correspond on Facebook and visit Esperanto speakers or go to an Esperanto conference, or teach a language to pupils who are not academic or are afraid of trying to learn a language, Esperanto is a good choice. That's why I am learning Eperanto.

Ido

Ido Flag. From Wikipedia

This post is now so long I shall stop here. I hope I have interested you and clarified how easy or difficult it might be to learn these languages. Even if you don't have the time and inclination right now, you might be interested to visit some places connected with these languages and their inventors and speakers.

Esperanto Museum, Palais Mollard, Vienna, Austria 
Places to Visit
Zamenof's grave, Jewish cemetery, Warsaw, Poland.
Zamenhof Museum, Poland.
Esperanto Museum, Vienna, Austria.
Bust of Zamenhof, Esperanto Park, Vienna, Austria.
Esperanto club meetings, Reading, England. (Check dates of meetings online and follow up by phone.)
Esperanto annual conference (locations vary).
Homestays with Esperanto speakers. (Get directory.)

Useful Websites
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._L._Zamenhof
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_between_Esperanto_and_Interlingua
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_between_Esperanto_and_Ido
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_between_Ido_and_Interlingua

readingmuseum.org.uk
http://www.bayeuxtapestry.org.uk

Learn Esperanto:
duolingo.com (Lots of Languages.)
Lernu.net (Devoted to Esperanto. Looks like lernu is an Esperanto word, simple spelling. Read more on the lernu.net website.)

Travel Information
Trains run from Paddington, London, to Reading.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reading_Town_Hall
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reading_Museum
visitbritain.com
visitengland.com
visitlondon.com
https://www.gwr.com/plan-journey/stations-and-routes/london-to-reading
http://travelwithangelalansbury.blogspot.com/2018/05/frank-talk-about-learning-esperanto-if.html
https://events.duolingo.com/u/mw3qbu/ Contact Rico, the ambassador.

https://travelwithangelalansbury.blogspot.com/2019/03/where-to-see-statues-of-zamenhof.html
Author

Angela Lansbury, travel writer and photographer, speaker, teacher of English and other languages. If you would like a talk or workshop on Esperanto and learning languages, why you should be bilingual, or any other travel subject, for entertainment, after dinner, or business, please contact me.
I have several posts on Esperanto.
 Please share links to your favourite posts.

Friday, May 18, 2018

An Indian View of Sharing Your Life Story, Anne Frank and Spike Milligan

Problem
Do you really want feedback? Or only praise? Somerset Maugham said, "People ask for criticism but they only want praise. I recently gave a workshop on Writing and Sharing Your Life Story. I asked for feedback, which came to me on forms I had printed.

I was also evaluated in my manual for speeches from Toastmasters International. I was evaluated on the Entertaining Speech.

During my workshop I started by asking, 'How many people feel their lives are not sufficiently exciting, or that you are too young to write memoirs?' 'Are you concerned that you have not travelled anywhere, or anywhere exciting in the last year?'

Anne Frank
Then I showed the Diary of Anne Frank, a best seller written by Dutch Anne, who was under twenty years old, and did not leave the building where she lived in Amsterdam.

During her lifetime the diary was not published. It was not even read by one other person. It remains one of the century's and the next century's most popular books, full of insight and optimism.

Spike Milligan
I ended by saying that even death can be humorous if the writer or the person while they are living chooses to make it so. I showed the gravestone of Spike Milligan, with his witty words, 'I told you I was ill'.

The cemetery administrators would not allow that to be written on the English language gravestone. So the family had the words inscribed in Gaelic.

Indian Viewpoint
My feedback from an Indian member of the audience was that he and the audience found my two and a half hour presentation colourful and entertaining. However, Indians would find it hard to identify with Anne Frank who was European and Jewish.

Also Indians cremate their dead. So they would not necessarily understand the word or concept of a gravestone.

Wow. I shall obviously have to go back to some Indian friends and ask them how to make the start and end of my talk more relevant to them. Can I relate Anne Frank and Judaism and Nazis to the caste system?

Can I show how gravestones and war memorials record the words of famous people succinctly, and summarise their character, their optimisim, stoicism, humour in the face of adversity, sense of continuity with history?

Singapore
I was not in India but speaking to a multi-cultural audience in Singapore. They say that travel broadens the mind. It certainly does.


Useful Website
https://www.annefrank.org/en/about-us/what-we-do/worldwide-activities/india/

Author
Angela Lansbury, travel writer and photographer, author and speaker. My books are on Amazon and Lulu.com . Take a look. Please share links to your favourite posts.