Search This Blog

Popular Posts

Labels

Showing posts with label July. Show all posts
Showing posts with label July. Show all posts

Tuesday, March 11, 2025

Portuguese Words You Can Easily Learn From A Supermarket Leaflet

Flag of Portugal.


 I was on holiday in Portugal in June, 2024 and picked up a supermarket leaflet, which I kept to help learn some Portuguese words. Now, In March 2025, I am tidying the house and throwing away some of the many leaflets I have picked up in my travels.

Before throwing away the leaflet, I thought I would fulfil my original intention of  translating it and learning some everyday words which are useful to use or at least recognize on signs. when shopping in Portugal.

Portuguese - English

altura - height

bem - well\

bola - ball

catergoria - category

com - with

de - of

e - and

em - in

forno - oven

fresca - fresh

infantil - child

iogurte - yogurt

liquido - liquid

mais - most

oliveira - olive

origem - (place of) origin

pera - pear

peso - weight

pimento - pepper

por - for

porco - pork

Precos - prices (note the cedilla under the c in Portuguese)

salada - salad

sardinha - sardine

tigre - tiger

unid - unit / single item

verde - green

viver - to live viver bem - to live well


English - Portuguese

and - e

ball - bola

Child - i (plural) nfantil

fresh - fresca

fruit - fruta (singular) frutas (plural)

green - verde

in - em

item (single) / unit - unid

Italian - Italiano

julho - July

junho - June

liquid - liquido

meat - carne (like carnivore)

to live well - 

olive - oliveira

origin - origen

oven - forno

pear - pera (the same letters but in a different order)

pork - porco

salad - salada

sardine - sardinha

tigre - tiger

weight - peso

yogurt - iogurte

Please share links to your favourite posts.

Tuesday, August 27, 2019

Chocolate Day - Hurray! Where to buy chocolate and visit chocolate museums and exhibitions



Chocolate (blue background).jpg
Photo from Wikipedia on Chocolate.

Here's everything you want to know about chocolate and some you didn't know you didn't know.

Why do we need a chocolate day? Chocolate lovers can eat chocolate any day, without asking permission. Not if you are on a diet.

I used to think that food days and other invented nonsense dreamed up by PR companies and business associations were not of interest. But now that I am President of a Toastmasters club looking for a theme for a meeting an event like a chocolate day is just my thing. Also an excuse to indulge.

What is best for you? Rinse mouth and clean teeth after eating chocolate, or any sugary food, or any food and drink.

Chocolate, Sugar, Having a Sweet Tooth and Teeth
Fillings are one fear. Losing teeth is another problem. My dental hygienist in the UK told me teeth drop out because of weakness in the bones of the jaw. Osteoporosis. Doctors give you pills to counteract this. But if you take calcium and vitamin D pills for 5 years, your jaw is so rigid that if you need a molar removed, you go to hsopital because your jaw is so hard they risk breaking it when trying to pull out a tooth. But there are two types of supplement, vitamin D and calcium - check labels and ask doctor or dentist or pharmacist.)

Back to chocolate:
Firstly, what are the chocolate days?
7 July World/ International Chocolate Day.
28 July Milk Chocolate Day.
13 Sept World Chocolate Day according to the National Confectioners Assoc of America.
22 Sept White chocolate Day.
Oct 28 US National chocolate Day.

When did all this start?

It all started over in America. The Aztecs and Mexicans drank bitter chocolate drinks.


Cadbury in England removed the fat floating on top of chocolate drinks and wondered what to do with the leftover flat. He made it into a pressed chcolate slab, added sugar to offset the bitterness, and chocolate to eat was born. A blessing to the world.

Drinking chocolate and cocoa - same thing really.

Just check the ingredients. A cup of hot chocolate is hugely calorific. Not good for your weight or your teeth in the long run but a short term lift of physical and mental energy.

After I eat chocolate biscuits or chocolates in the interval at HOD Toastmasters in London I am full of energy and enthusiasm for table topics (impromptu speech subjects picked off the table or out of a lucky dip bag).

England has a huge sugar and chocolate consumption and in supermarkets you will notice a huge variety of home produced chocolate and chocolate imported from Europe.

If you drive north to Birmingham you are likely to pass the Cadbury Factory and shop. In busy seasons and days you need to book and pay for a tour, but the shop itself is a treat to visit. You may know the phrase as useless as a chocolate teapot. Yes, I have seen them selling chocolate teapots.

Goods change seasonally. The two big seasons for selling chocolate are the cold months of winter and spring, Christmas in December, Valentine's Day in February and Easter which moves around but often mid March which can be cool but the chocolate warms you up.

Another place to visit is York, which has a museum exhitition and shop.

Back down in London several chocolate shops run evening classes on chocolate, a fun outing.

London also hosts a couple of Chocolate Exhibitions. You might think, what can I learn or see that I don't already know from browsing in a supermaket? Firstly there are talks on chocolate with free tastings, children's activities such as putting designs on chocolate lollipops, parades of dresses and hats made of chocolate or whatever is the surprise of the season. Also chocolates from around the world.

Some useful chocolate lists:

UK
See brands from all over the world. I think the best chocolates and chocolate biscuits are in Marks & Spencers.
In the UK supermarkets sell chocolate digestive biscuits with chocolate on one side. One day I looked at the calorie count and realised why I was not losing weight when I had a chocolate biscuit with my coffee every morning at eleven and again at tea time.

English Versus American Chocolate
My mother used to buy me Dairy Milk chocolate when I was a child. She thought that the milk content would be good for me. It is disapponting to learn that milk chocolate is not made from fresh milk but dried milk powder.



USA
I seemed that Hershey made chocolate for the US military overseas in WWII, hence the dark chocolate so loved by Americans. I prefer Cadbury's dairy milk, especially the fruit and nut which adds protein and fruit and reduced the overload of sugar.

I seemed to remember Hershey as a success story. It was a surprise to read the Wiki article and refer back to sources and discover that to prevent soldiers instantly gorging on their energy bars, the chocolate bars had cereals and flavouring additions to make them taste less palatable. Soldiers disliked the chocolate bars so much that they threw them away, gave them away or sold or exchanged them with UK and other troops. Far from melting, the chocolate was so hard that soldiers could not bite it and had to shave off pieces with a knife.

However, the M & Ms slogan, melts in your mouth, not in your hand, was deemed both memorable and popular.
dot
Postwar Hershey adapted the chocolate bars to make them acceptable to the civilian population. I once left a chocolate bar on the back window shelf in a parked car. I came back and the chocolate had gone. I wondered who had eaten it. Then I found a plate of chocolate under the wrapper. It had melted out. So, the moral is, do not leave in your car a baby, child, adult, dog, or chocolate. Later in the day the interior of the car can get hot.

UK brands and bars:
Aero (has holes)
After Eight (thin square mints)
Bounty (contains coconut) so good that if you are used to Bounty bars real coconut and cocunt milk tastes insipid
Chocolate Orange
Crunchie
Easter Egg (favourites are small ones with cream filling, yellow colour centre, foil wrap) Large ones can be hollow or filled with smaller eggs
Flake
Fry's Turkish Delight (Rose jelly with chocolate covering)
Kinder Surprise (Egg with toy inside) Kinder is German for child
Kit Kat (wafer covered in chocolate)
Kisses (Tiny chocolates in foil)
Maltesers (balls with hard crunch centre with holes)
Milky Bar (white chocolate)
Mint chocolates include: After Eights, Elizabeth Shaw, Kendal Mint
Mozart (From Vienna, Austria, in foil imprinted with a picture of Mozart - buy them there or on the national airline)
Penguin (biscuit in sandwich shape with cream centre and chocolate covering)
Smarties (Hard chocolate buttons with various colours)
Toblerone (Swiss, traingular like Swiss mountains)


Singapore and Asia
Chocolates are not so popular in Asia and Singapore. Chocolates are sticky and melt in the heat. You are deyhdrated and don't want dry food. You need to drink water, rather than sugary drinks which make you thirstier.

However, Singapore has the most inventive coloured chocolate. The chefs at an upmarket restaurant Pollen, in the Gardens By The Bay, have created assorted coloured and fruit flavoured chocolates, which can be prsented on a palette of rainbow coloured chocolate. Very expensive and time consuing. Done for weddings.

For everyday coloured chocolate, in Singapore you can try a KitKat which is coloured green.


Researching Chocolate
I found Wikipedia too detailed and complicated. Simple Wiki sorted me out. And had up to date photos instead of historical ones.

Birthday and Blind Tasting
On one occasion I was looking for chocolate bar to buy for a family birthday. I could not decide which chocolate to buy. Some had more chocolate content than others. I calculated the cost of buying one of each and that was within my budget. Whilst a chocolate bar is not a big present, a set of six chocolate bars of different chocolate contents so we could all do a blind tasting was interesting.

To my surprise the ones with the highest chocolate conent were more bitter. I preferred a sweeter version. My husband who likes dark chocolate opted for a different brand and chocolate content. that also saved money on later purchases as I knew I did not need the most expensive brand.

The best fun I ever had with chocolate was when I bought a chocolate house kit in the post Christmas sale. You melted chocolate into moulds, then stuck it together to make a chocolate house. It looked very impressive on the dinner table. We used it for two dinner parties. After the first dinner, we ate
 only leftover spare chocolate and the chocolate fence and chimney. We saved most of the house intact for the second party and then ate it.

Cooking chocolate is less sweet, especailly as it is sometimes used in savoury recipes.

Cheap Chocolates
Cooking chocolate is sometimes sold in markets where it appears cheaper, in large packets, with the word cooking chocolate small or not noticed. When you eat it, the texture and flavour are not right.. it is waxy, from having oil or vegetable oil instead of milk or butter or cream. Cheap chocolates are the same, less chocolae flavour, and a more waxy texture. After the second one you have an overdose of sugar and feel you have over-indulged and don't want any more.

I used to like Sara Lee frozen chcolate cake because it had more chocolate flavour.

Other Kinds of Chocolate
Biscuits
Cakes
Drinks - chocolate milkshake
Spreads
Also think of Nutella chocolate spread from Italy, an inspired piece of marketing of surplus products.

Free Tasting For Tourists
In the Czeck republic's capital Prague we found a chocolate shop with two or more branches which offered free tastings. We had some free chocolate and didn't buy and felt a bit guiltily. However, on our last day we rushed back and bought several souvenirs for ourselves and family back home.

https://www.tripadvisor.com.sg/Attraction_Review-g274707-d7162572-Reviews-Prague_Chocolate_Steiner_Kovarik-Prague_Bohemia.html
https://www.tripadvisor.com.sg/Attraction_Review-g274707-d6109726-Reviews-Cokolada_cz_Chocolate_Shop-Prague_Bohemia.html

By Nationality
Baci



Italian - Ferrero Rocher; Baci (tiny chocolate with hazelnut, gluten free and kosher)


UK - Cadbury, Fry's
USA Hershey

Places to Visit
Branches of UK supermarkets: Marks & Spencer, Moorrisons, Tesco, Harrods, Hotel Chocolat shops.
Museums and Factory Shops:

Belgium
Czech Republic
https://www.tripadvisor.com.sg/Attraction_Review-g274707-d7162572-Reviews-Prague_Chocolate_Steiner_Kovarik-Prague_Bohemia.html
France
Singapore

Switzerland
Alprose, Switzerland.

UK
London, chocolate shops.

York.
Cadbury's near Birmingham.

USA
Hersheys shop in New York.
https://www.cheatsheet.com/culture/must-see-factory-tours-united-states.html/

Singapore
https://www.aalstchocolate.com/findus

Useful Websites
https://www.daysoftheyear.com/search/chocolate+day/
https://www.candyusa.com/story-of-chocolate/what-is-chocolate/kinds-of-chocolate/
About the Author
Some puns or parodies of my Toastmasters International letters:
B A Hons Brownie Addict Honestly
Angela Lansbury CC Confirmed Chocoholic
ALB Always Likes Brownies
ACG Adores Chocolate/Chocolate Cake Gifts

Sunday, December 31, 2017

Who Celebrates Christmas In January? Where? Why?

Merry Christmas with green tabletop tree. Photo by Angela Lansbury. Copyright.

Problem
I have trouble remember which calendar and which countries celebrate in January and whether it's the 6th or 5th or 7th. Please explain - and make it easy to remember.

Answers
Julius Caesar landed in the UK BC. (Never mind accuracy and controversy - we just want the general easy to remember view.)

From him we get our first calendar, the Julian calendar. Julius Caesar, lived before Jesus. His month, July, occurs before Christmas.

Eventually the seasons got out of sync with the calendar.

Later, long after Jesus, along comes Christianity to the Romans, and a Christian Pope, Pope Gregory, who suggest a new calendar (in around 1582 - but no need to remember when).

If you stuck with the old calendar, events are later. The date of Jesus' birth falls in January.

Different countries were faster or slower to adopted the new, Gregorian calendar which we all follow. Many of the traditional, Orthodox, countries kept the old calendar for Christian festivals (just like Jews and Moslems use a different, lunar calendar so the festivals are on different dates each year).

Who celebrates Christmas eve on December 24th and Christmas Day on December 25th?

UK (and former British Empire - now Commonwealth, including New Zealand, Singapore, South Africa, Czech Republic.)
USA

January 7th
Russiand and adjacent Ukraine.
In alphabetical order:
Belarus, Egypt, Ehtiopia, Georgia, Kazakstan, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Serbia.

Author
Angela Lansbury, travel writer and photographer, author and speaker.

Thursday, December 22, 2016

What to call your child? Names from places, months, birthdays, saints' days

Florence Nightingale was named after Florence in Italy, the bird, the Nightingale.

Placenames
Placenames include
Alexandria
Austin
Berlin (Isaiah Berlin)
Charlotte
Chelsea
Dallas
Florence (Florence Nightingale)
Helena
Israel
Jordan
Madison
Paris (Paris Hilton)
London (Jack London)

Problem
1 What to call your child?
2 What to call yourself if you want to translate your name to make it understandable to people who pick another language?

Answer
1 and 2 In Europe and Catholic countries such as in South America, or visiting a Catholic colleague in another country, pick a saint's name day.
Family dispute about the name? End of argument.

Story

Tip

Wikipedia has a list of the names in the Czech Republic. They leave out the national holidays. You can also check the

January

New Year's Day
Karina
Radmila
Diana
Dalimil
Tři králové
Vilma
Čestmír
Vladan
Břetislav
Bohdana
Pravoslav
Edita
Radovan
Alice
Ctirad
Drahoslav
Vladislav
Doubravka
Ilona
Běla
Slavomír
Zdeněk
Milena
Miloš
Zora
Ingrid
Otýlie
Zdislava
Robin
Marika

February
Hynek
Nela, Hromnice
Blažej
Jarmila
Dobromila
Vanda
Veronika
Milada
Apolena
Mojmír
Božena
Slavěna
Věnceslav
Valentýn
Jiřina
Ljuba
Miloslava
Gizela
Patrik
Oldřich
Lenka
Petr
Svatopluk
Matěj
Liliana
Dorota
Alexandr
Lumber
Horymír

March
Bedřich
Anežka
Kamil
Stela
Kazimír
Miroslav
Tomáš
Gabriela
Františka
Viktorie
Anděla
Řehoř
Růžena
Rút/Matylda
Ida
Elena/Herbert
Vlastimil
Eduard
Josef
Světlana
Radek
Leona
Ivona
Gabriel
Marián
Emanuel
Dita
Soňa
Taťána
Arnott
Kvido

April
Hugo
Erika
Richard
Ivana
Miroslava
Vendula
Heřman
Ema
Dušan
Darja
Izabela
Julius
Aleš
Vincenc
Anastázie
Irena
Rudolf
Valérie
Rostislav
Marcela
Alexandra
Evženie
Vojtěch
Jiří
Marek
Oto
Jaroslav
Vlastislav
Robert
Blahoslav

May
Labour Day
(May Day)
Zikmund
Alexej
Květoslav
Klaudie
Radoslav
Stanislav
National holiday
Ctibor
Blažena
Svatava
Pankrác
Servác
Bonifác
Žofie
Přemysl
Aneta
Nataša
Ivo
Zbyšek
Monika
Emil
Vladimír
Jana
Viola
Filip (English Philip)
Valdemar
Vilém
Maxmilián
Ferdinand
Kamila (English Camilla)

June
Laura
Jarmil
Tamara
Dalibor
Dobroslav
Norbert
Iveta
Medard
Stanislava
Gita
Bruno
Antonie (English Anthony or Antony)
Antonín
Roland
Vít
Zbyněk
Adolf
Milan
Leoš
Květa
Alois
Pavla
Zdeňka
Jan
Ivan
Adriana
Ladislav
Lubomír
Petr a Pavel
Šárka

July
Jaroslava
Patricie (English Patricia)
Radomír
Prokop
National holiday
National holiday
(Jan Hus, 1415)
Bohuslava
Nora
Drahoslava
Libuše/Amálie
Olga
Bořek
Markéta
Karolína (English Caroline or Carolyn)
Jindřich
Luboš
Martina
Drahomíra
Čeněk
Ilja
Vítězslav
Magdaléna
Libor
Kristýna (English Christina - short form Tina)
Jakub (English Jacob)
Anna
Věroslav
Viktor (English Victor)
Marta (English Martha)
Bořivoj
Ignác

August
Oskar (English Oscar)
Gustav
Millie
Dominik (English Dominic)
Cristián (English Christian)
Oldřiška
Lada
Soběslav
Roman
Vavřinec
Zuzana
Klára (English Clara)
Alena
Alan
Hana (English Hannah)
Jáchym
Petra
Helena
Ludvík
Bernard
Johana (English Johanna)
Bohuslav
Sandra
Bartoloměj
Radim
Luděk
Otakar
Augustýn
Evelína (English Evelyn)
Vladěna
Pavlína (English Pauline)

September
Linda/Samuel
Adéla
Bronislav/Bronislava
Jindřiška
Boris
Boleslav
Regina/Regína
Mariana
Daniela
Irma
Denisa (English Denise)
Marie (English Mary or Maria)
Lubor
Radka
Jolana
Ludmila
Naděžda
Kryštof
Zita
Oleg
Matouš
Darina
Berta
Jaromír
Zlata
Andrea
Jonáš
Václav
Michal (English Michael)
Jeroným

October
Igor
Olívie/Oliver
Bohumil
František
Eliška
Haunt
Justin (English Justin)
Věra
Štefan/Sára (English Stephen, Steven, Sarah)
Marina
Andrej (English Andrew)
Marcel
Renáta
Agáta
Tereza
Havel
Hedvika
Lukas (English Luke or Lucas)
Michaela (English Michael)
Vendelín
Brigita
Sabina
Teodor (English Theodore)
Nina
Beat
Erik (English Eric)
Šarlota/Zoe
National holiday
Silvie (English Sylvia)
Tadeáš
Štěpánka

November
Felix
All Souls' Day
Hubert
Karel
Miriam
Liběna
Saskie
Bohumír
Bohdan
Evžen
Martin
Benedikt (English Benedict)
Tibor
Sáva
Leopold (In English Leo for short)
Otmar
Mahulena
Romana
Alžběta
Nikola (In English Nicholas or Nicola)
Albert
Cecilia
Klement (English Clement)
Emílie
Kateřina (English Catherine or Katherine)
Artur (English Arthur)
Xenie
René
Zina
Ondřej

December
Iva
Blanka
Svatoslav
Barbora (English Barbara)
Jitka
Mikuláš
Ambrož
Květoslava
Vratislav
Julie
Dana
Simona (English Simon for a boy or Simone for a girl)
Lucie (In English more often Lucy or Lucia)
Lýdie
Radana
Albína
Daniel
Miloslav
Ester
Dagmar
Natálie
Šimon
Vlasta
Adam/Eva, Christmas Eve
1st Christmas Holiday
Štěpán (2nd Christmas Holiday) (English Stephen, Steven)
Žaneta
Bohumila
Judita (English Judith)
David
Sylvester

I have highlighted some of the names which are more common in English. Go to Wikipedia to see the days.
Author, Angela Lansbury, travel writer and photographer, speaker, language teacher.

Useful Websites

Please follow my posts and share links. 
More from Angela Lansbury on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Pinterest, YouTube. Books by Angela Lansbury on Amazon.com and Lulu.com