After Visiting Vietnam, First steps in learning Vietnamese, with the help of Duolingo

Why Visit Vietnam?

I rated my trip to Ha Long Bay is one of my top two world sites, with a close runner up in the temples of Cambodia.

Ha Long Bay.

The same peak are on the coast, but the ones reflected on water are the most stunning. Especially if you overnight on a boat with a bedroom with a balcony for drinks at dusk and pre-breakfast on the balcony. 

The Vietnamese flag has a distinctive five-point, yellow star on a red background.

We went shopping in the market for Vietnamese style long dresses with slit sides and co-ordinating trousers (Americans say pants).

Schoolgirls in traditional dress. From Wikipedia.

I was heavier then than I am now, and black hid more of my curves/

Angela Lansbury in Vietnamese style dress, bought in the city of  Hanoi in Vietnam. Photo by Trevor Sharot. Copyright.

Vietnamese Language

We were on a boat with an English speaking guide and did not get much chance to use or learn Vietnamese. 

I made up for it this week by starting Vietnamese. This was an accident. Serendipity - something found fortunately by chance. (Sounds like the word serene.)

 I had added Vietnamese to my Duolingo list. My priorities are the easy languages, easy for me because they are romance languages, with the same alphabet as English, next are Greek, Hebrew and Russian, which have a few letters in common with English and a few letters in common with each other,Spanish, finally the harder languages, Chinese, Japanese, Hindi and Urdu,Korean, Vietnamese and Thai.

Then I met a neighbour who is from Thailand and says her husband does not speak one word of Thai. Afterwards, I went onto my list of languages in Duolingo, found what I was looking for, and clicked on it to open the first lesson. 

After learning five words, I realized my mistake. I had learned five words of Vietnamese, not Thai!

I discovered this when I said to my husband, 'I have learned a word in Vietnamese.

An an is Ann eats.

 It's ga for chicken. My memory aid is go chicken go. Go - ga. Chickens are ga ga. Ga is chicken.' 

But ...ga (nha ga add the accent, in Google translate to copy it )

---

nhà ga

 is train station, like the French gare, as in Gare du Nord, French for station of the north, in Paris. 

My husband replied, 'Yes, it's the same word in Thai. You hear it a lot because they eat a lot of chicken.'

Thailand is north of Malaysia which is north of Singapore. Singapore used to be part of Malaya.

So I now know the word for chicken, ga, which is handy in restaurants and food courts. Even if you don't like the cheaper food courts or have meals booked, you find food courts in Malaysia and other countries as you drive north from Singapore along main roads and stop for a break, or eat at railway stations.

Now I have started Vietnamese and it is not as hard as I expected. Korean, supposed to be easy, was my biggest challenge, along with Arabic and Urdu, with their fancy, curly, but unfamiliar writing.

The Vietnamese in Duolingo is written in what looks like the British alphabet with lots of accents. But, for my first lesson, I have ignored the accents and just listened to the pronunciation which you easily find by clicking with your mouse over the little loudspeaker button.

Duolingo offers you a recap of the words you have learned under Review Lesson.

Grammar tips

Adjectives follow nouns

Vocabulary may be slightly different in north and South Vietnam.

On Duolingo, check the forums, called DISCUSS, even if you got the answer right, to learn tips.

Word Revision

Vietnamese - English

an - eat(s)

cà phê - coffee 

ga - chicken

nhà ga - train station

English - Vietnamese

chicken - ga

coffee - cà phê

eat(s) - an

train station - nhà ga 

From Wiki phrasebook

north

bắc (...)

south

nam (...)

east

đông (...)

west

tây (...)

Colors[edit]

When describing the color of an object etc., use the word below. When referring to the color itself, use màu or mầu followed by the word below.

black

đen (Dan)

white

trắng (chahng?!)

gray

xám (sahm?)

red

đỏ (daw... aw?)

blue

xanh nước (sahyng neu-uhk?)

yellow

vàng (vahng...)

green

xanh (lá cây) (sahyng lah? kay)

orange

cam (kahm)

purple

tím (just as it is written, tim but long 'i' )

brown

nâu (know)

My name is ______ .

Tôi tên là ______ . (Thoye theyn la _____ .)

Please.

Làm ơn. (lam uhhn)

Thank you.

Cảm ơn. (gam uhhn)

You're welcome.

Không sao đâu. (kohng sao doh)

Yes.

Vâng (affirmative). (vuhng); Dạ (affirmative, respectful) (ya'a) ; Đúng (correct) (duhn)

No.

Không. (kohng)

Hello. (informal)

Chào. (jow)

Hello. (formal)

Xin chào. (seen jow)

Hello. (on the phone)

A-lô. (AH-loh)

How are you? (Are you healthy?)

Khỏe không? (kweah kohng?)

Fine, thank you. (I am healthy, thank you.)

Tôi khoẻ, cảm ơn. (thoy kweah, gam uhhn)

What is your name? (formal, to a man (forties or older, depending on the sensitivity of the person you address))

Ông tên là gì? (ohng theyn la yi)

What is your name? (formal, to a woman (forties or older, depending on the sensitivity of the person you address))

Bà tên là gì? (ba theyn la yi)

What is your name? (informal, to a male who is not quite middle-aged AND/OR is not significantly older than you)

Anh tên là gì? (ayng theyn la yi) Anh is an umbrella term for any older male figure. Its literal meaning is "older brother".

What is your name? (informal and also flattering, to a female who is not quite middle-aged AND not significantly older than you)

Cô tên là gì? (goh theyn la yi) There is a distinction between this and the last phrase, because in Vietnamese culture, one generally assumes that a woman, regardless of whether she looks middle-aged or not, is either not yet married, or does not yet have children, or is younger than she looks. Using "Cô" instead of "Bà" implies that you are giving her the benefit of your lack of knowledge about her. Thus, if she feels the need, she will (as a result of your flattery and politeness) correct you to use the mature "Bà" or the gender-disregarding term for an adult who is anywhere in their late thirties to fifties, "Bac" which is equivalent to "Sir" or "Madam". Some men and women prefer to be addressed as the polite and age-ambiguous "Bac" indefinitely, until they feel it is appropriate to be addressed in more mature terms.

Typing tips for translations

When copying a word from a website, after inserting check text size. In blogger .com where you create your blogs, look for the letter T in two sizes across the top menu bar. Keep every text thing normal size. You could also change the font.

I used to type everything in both the English to a foreign language and then the foreign language to English. Then I tried copying it once, using the translation in the second list, and typing in the other language. Today I discovered an even quicker way. copy the word and translation from the first list. Paste it twice. Then delete the parts you don't need. You might want to insert a hyphen between the English and the other language.

Thailand

I think of Thailand as a fan from the top  of Malaysia, like a left hand. Vietnam is to the east, like a right arm

Vietnam is separated from Thailand by Laos. Vietnam in on the sea to the East.

Useful Websites

Flag

https://www.countryflags.com/vietnam-flag-image/

Language

duolingo.com

https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Vietnamese_phrasebook

https://yourvietnamese.com/learn-vietnamese/vietnamese-grammar-in-short-lessons/

Tourism

wikivoyage Vietnam

 lastminute.com

tripadvisor.com

booking.com

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Patara Thai Restaurant in Hampstead, London, England, passes the pescatarian and teething baby tests

Outside of restaurant in Patara Restaurant in Hampstead. Photo by Angela Lansbury

What does patara mean? It is the family name of the owner who you can see on their website.

This branch is in what looks like a converted house, with two tables in what was once the entrance hall, and a large room with tables, bustling by mid-evening on a Saturday night. The tables for 2/3 are small, barely large enough for plates and drinks. 

Their website mentions two floors, but I did not see another floor. If stairs are a problem, mention this when booking.

The Set Meal - Jasmine

We chose the set menu, Jasmine, one of two set menus which had less shellfish. (I am allergic to shellfish.) 

Two of us chose to opt for the set menu, Jasmine. It includes Jasmine rice. Jasmine is not a flavour but is a type of rice. The set menu includes several starters on a platter with sauces, followed by meats and vegetables with sauces.

Spice

Thai food is famous for being spicy. I went to a restaurant in Bushey, where the food was too spicy. They could not and would not adapt it. They went out of business. I avoided Thai restaurants for years. However, with lots of rice, and picking out the specks of bright red chilli pepper, I was able to cope with only the expected sniffle you get when you eat and salivate.

The set meal at 40, minimum of two people, seemed expensive, but it includes rice and dessert. But the time you pay nearly twenty pounds for a main dish, add rice and dessert, and starter, you get all of that and can try other dishes too which saves having to decide or making the wrong choice and is more fun and ensures you find something you like.

Starter Success

 I particularly enjoyed the dumplings with peanuts which add a crunch. 

Set menu starter of spring rolls, kebab and dumplings. Photo by Angela Lansbury.

Pescatarian

Our pescatarian (eating fish but not meat) was happy with the battered fish. I think it was sea bass.

Her tofu and aubergine were also a success. They passed the grumpy mummy test. If a grumpy mummy doesn't like something, she won't remain silent. She is not too polite to mention it. If she concedes it's okay, that's praise indeed.

(Grumpy after teething baby gave everybody a sleepless night). Thinking about the design and development of a baby, I suppose that growing teeth means you can eat food for an expending in size tummy. Also, it's time to stop breastfeeding because nobody wants their nipples bitten. 

The rice passed the baby test. The baby ate lots of rice. The rice also passed the granny test. I ate all my white rice.

Dessert

The set meal ended with a dessert of cheesecake, with  a zigzag of caramelized syrup on the plate, and vanilla ice cream, was just right. The two portions were enough for three of us.

The a la carte menu has ice creams in three flavours. They were vanilla, or coconut or mango sorbet.

Prosecco 

Prosecco from the drinks menu I had chosen the prosecco which is cheaper at nine pounds than a glass of white or rose wine at ten. Funny, Prosecco in the early days used to be dearer in many restaurants. Since I prefer Prosecco, as well as the cheaper price, I ordered that.

Prosecco, which was okay, not strikingly bubbly or cold. I wished I had had my Prosecco from home. Three miniature bottles for five pounds in Tesco currently (July 2022). 

We went without coffee, which was on the separate drinks menu. 

The Teething Baby Test

Our baby is teething (hurray - more teeth, will soon start talking). She was already fretful without a dummy (which mummy is trying to wean her off and encourage her to talk instead of sucking). We spent most of the meal debating (I could have said arguing, but debating sounds better) over whether it was fairer to us and the restaurant staff and other customers to bring a dummy. You can always leave the dummy in the bag.

Service

Service was briskly efficient. We had booked.  As we drove towards the restaurant, we received a message reminding us about our booking and asking us to confirm we were on our way. The driver pulled in to check the message. The reply was to a premium rate number. He declined to respond to the message, declaring, 'That is the booking service, probably. I won't do it. We will be there well before the allotted arrival time."

After we arrived and in a trice we were at our table. The restaurant and toilets all seemed to be on the ground floor, which suited us.

The receptionist efficiently swept up the rice and toy parts dropped by baby.The receptionist/manager/server was efficient and swept up under baby half way though the meal. Not at the end, which most restaurants do. Half way though. We were near the door. It could have looked unsightly. Or even caused a customer to slip.

The staff member, despite the dropped food aggravation, gave the baby the occasional smile. Smiles are a magical distraction. Maybe a baby wails for attention. Maybe distraction distracts from any pains the baby is feeling. 

Smiles are mutual. The baby got more smiles than we did. Maybe we weren't smiling enough.

Toilets

Toilets are on the ground floor. In the Ladies, two cubicles. Good toilet paper. 

The Ladies basin is one big trough with only one soap dispenser on the far left. This meant I had to wait  until a mother and daughter had finished before I could reach the soap. 

A bit cramped for three of us. Not much social distancing. Time somebody created an instant opening door to exit for after you have washed your hands. I think it exists, a foot operated lever on the floor, like a pop up bin. I shall be glad when the price comes down and it exists everywhere - or even becomes mandatory in new and refurbished buildings.

Gosh - I just checked. Under forty pounds on ebay.

https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/303657517969?chn=ps&norover=1&mkevt=1&mkrid=710-134428-41853-0&mkcid=2&itemid=303657517969

foot operated door opener from franchionline store on ebay.co.uk

Directions and Parking

 Easy to find, near the Hampstead underground station, just downhill.

Other branches

London wide. Central London, trendy, Hampstead, Soho, and smart Knightsbridge and South Kensington.

Useful Websites

https://www.pataralondon.com/menu.php

https://www.tripadvisor.co.uk/Restaurant_Review-g186338-d10337606-Reviews-Patara_Hampstead-London_England.html

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New Restaurant in Hatch End, Fusion 381 opened mid 2022, with my menu translations

Fusion 381 restaurant in Hatch End, exterior showing the street number is 381. Photo by Angela Lansbury. Copyright.

 Interior of Fusion 381 restaurant, showing the depiction of a lady in a large at above the bar. Photo by Angela Lansbury. Copyright.

Fusion 381

The new restaurant, was new to me, and my family, in June 2022. The location is Hatch End. It is in the old, former Natwest bank building. 381 The Broadway, Uxbridge Road. When I pushed open the door, the manager or owner rushed forward to greet me.

Decor

Above the bar area is a big picture of a lady in a large hat.

The table are wipe clean wood or wood effect. The chair backs lean back and are orange at the front and blue on the back.

Some of the words on the menu which you might like to get familiar with before a visit.

bao - bun

canai - roti canai is Indian flatbread

ebi - shrimp or prawns in Japan

edamo

galangal - also called Siamese ginger (Thai ginger)

gelato - Italian sorbet/ice cream

Gyoza - sometimes described as a dumpling but more often a pasta wrap pressed together with a filling of stuffing of minced meat and vegetable, like a fan shape fried ravioli, but can be larger like a semi-circular samosa, but on this menu dumplings with apple filling.

Katsu - means cutlet in Japanese, strips of fried meat (or vegetables) in batter which you eat dipped in a sauce

julienne - sliced into short sticks, flat edged

king prawn - large prawns

mangetout - french for eat all, tiny peas served in the pod

Massaman - rich, mild, Thai curry

mirin - like sake, which is rice wine, but with more sugar and less alcohol

miso  Miso (みそ or 味噌) is a Japanese seasoning produced by fermenting soybeans with salt and kōji  (fungus) and sometimes rice, barley, seaweed, or other ingredients. The thick paste is used for sauces, spreads, pickling vegetables, fish, or meats, and mixing with dashi soup stock to serve as miso soup. 

Mochi - moulded rice cake, could be a white, ball, a dome or an oblong, and can be coloured

mouli - a type of radish

pak choy - a green vegetable. I don't like it. Asians love it.

panko - crunchy small breadcrumbs

ponzu - citrus based sauce which is colourless but brown when soy sauce is added

roti - round Indian flat bread

roti

roti   https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Canai.jpg

roti canai

shallots - onions

shichimi - spice of chilli pepper with 7 ingredients, such as 

• coarsely ground red chili pepper (the main ingredient)
• ground sanshō ("Japanese pepper")
• roasted orange peel (Chenpi)
• black sesame seed
• white sesame seed
• hemp seed^[5]
• ground ginger^[3]
• nori or aonori (seaweed)
• poppy seed
• 
  
  
  
  

tamarind - brown, sweet, tangy fruit from trees grown in Africa

Tamarind, picture from Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamarind#/media/File:Tamarindus_indica_pods.JPG

tempura - Japanese fried food

tofu - vegetarian food, often white cubes like a solid mousse or feta cheese, can be fried

wok - bowl shape frying pan for quick cooking vegetables and sliced up meat or fish or other items which are tossed about

yakitori - Japanese style, grilled with tasty brown sauce which might be based on a soy sauce

V=vegetarian (vegetables, no meat)

VE=vegan (vegetables, no meat, no milk, no eggs, no animal products - which will mean no gelatine from animals)

I have already chosen what I would like to order. I am allergic to shellfish. So no prawns or squid for starters.  My choices of starters would be Indian bread with curry, or chicken skewers with sesame seed, and if we order a second different starter the duck with Peking sauce is a favourite of my family although you can order that at other places.

For my main course, there are three chicken dishes, two dishes with lemon grass, and an extra of sweet potato fries.

Fusion 381 restaurant

381 Uxbridge Road

Hatch End 

HA5 4JP

TEL 020 3859 8722.

The menu is on the outside wall on both sides of the front door, also on their website. The menu choices include

Starters

Main courses

Sides and salads include coconut rice and sweet potato fries.

I like the menu. Desserts include chocolate brownie with coconut ice creams, or apple dumpling (called gyozo).

Drinks include cranberry juice, lychee juice, prosecco, sake, cocktails, wines.

Location

By car

You can park outside. Easy to find near the Tesco Express, on the opposite side of the road to the Hatch End railway station.

By bus and train

Hatch end has two buses. The H14 goes to and from Stanmore. 

The H12 goes to Harrow Northwick Park.

Website

https://www.fusion381.com/

Food menu

https://www.fusion381.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/381food-v2.pdf

https://tfl.gov.uk/bus/route/h12/

https://tfl.gov.uk/bus/timetable/h12/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roti_canai

Update November 2025. This post is now about historic Hatch End. The latest restaurant in the converted bank is Eggholic. See my later posts.

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Sushi, Sushi Tei Japanese Restaurant and Recipes

We looked at Sushi Thai or Sushi Tei in Holland Village for a Singaporean Indian friend in Singapore.  As far as I can see Sushi Thai is two spelling of the same place. Some branches are franchises. They may or may not have a conveyor belt. The Holland Road branch does not have bookings and you may have to queue to get a table, according to some accounts on Tripadvisor. (However, we went there on a Thursday in April just before noon and had no trouble.)

Earlier this year, 2022, we went for lunch in Holland Village and there were queues (Americans say line-ups) in half a dozen restaurants where because of Covid restrictions, several of the small tables only allowed two at a table instead of four. Now that may change, however, after Tuesday April 26, when restrictions were lifted, we expect crowds all week. 

I looked at the Suchi Tei websites and read about the membership. Currently, 27 April 2022, the website told me that you had to pay 68 dollars for membership, but received an 85 dollar credit, which is usable immediately. You might not find that profitable if you are a single or couple or threesome and only paying one visit. But if you add up a bill for three persons, with about 5 dollars each for a main course, about 4 for a shared dessert, three dollars or five each, add 15 for drinks, and you reach at least 30, so it pays for itself if you live locally and make a second visit, or if there are 4 of you ordering lavishly.

What do I mean by lavishly? Lemon tea or grape juice is economical, mango juice a bit more. If you want to stay home, you can order online. 

A recipe for taking orange salmon roe, adding a marinade of soy sauce and sake and let stand for half a day, serving on a bowl or rice with some contrast colour and texture green leaves or vegetables.

Useful Websites

https://www.tripadvisor.com/Restaurant_Review-g294265-d11946985-Reviews-Sushi_Tei_Holland_Village-Singapore.html

https://supafreshjapan.com/blogs/supa-recipes/ikura-shoyu-salmon-roe

For information on Holland village, see next post. For more on the restaurant, see the post after that. Please bookmark and share links to your favourite posts.

Useful Websites

https://sushitei.com/

https://www.facebook.com/raffleshollandv/

Words Which You Know In Spanish, Thai, Urdu and Persian from Country Names and Place Names

Problem
I'm sure you and I know a lot of words in foreign languages, if only we could get the translations.

Answer
It is easier to remember the name of a country or area if you know the words' meanings. Here are a few words you know with their translations:

LANGUAGE or COUNTRY Foreign word - English
German Oktober (as in Oktoberfest) - October

Spanish Puerta del sol - gate of the sun (Central point of Spain, in the capital, Madrid)
Honduras (the country name) means great depths
Kazakhstan - land of the wanderers
Persian - Pakistan means land of the pure; paki-pure; stan- land or place of (Persian language of Iran)

Flag of Thailand

Thai - Prathet Thai which translates into Thailand, means land of the free; Thai is free
Urdu - Pakistan means land of the pure (same as  in Persian); Paki pure, stan land

English - Foreign Word
costa - coast (Spanish)
of the - del - of the (Spanish)
gate - puerta (Spanish)
October - Oktober (as in Oktoberfest, German)
sun - sol (Spanish) as in Puerta del Sol and Costa del Sol

Author
Angela Lansbury, travel writer and photographer, author and speaker. teacher of English and other languages.

Printing alphabets and Keyboard stickers in Greek, Hebrew, Russian, Spanish, French, Arabic, Korean, Thai and more

How do you print out keyboards?
The foreign language keyboard is not in alphabetical order but jumbled up, as is the English layout QWERTY.

For Hebrew I found this site:
http://www.qsm.co.il/Hebrew/keyboard.htm
It shows the Hebrew letters on the English letters. For example the Hebrew better l or lamed is on the English letter K key. So if I want to touch type the Hebrew letter L called lamed I can do it with taking my eyes off the print just by typing the english letter K.
http://www.qsm.co.il/Hebrew/keyboard.htm

Another way would be simply to type all the letters in Hebrew in bold. (All you need to do is run a fingertip or fingernail along all three rows of English keys, after clicking on the Hebrew letter symbol for the language you have installed - with the symbol now at the top right of your screen - on mine left of the date.

You then print that off.

If you are not sufficiently au fait with your computer or laptop to do a screen capture, print the foreign alphabet. Photograph it on your smart mobile phone. Load the picture onto your laptop. If you are using an Apple laptop such as the MacBook Pro, you can crop the photo in iPhoto to show just the screen. Then either paste it into your diary, or onto a triangular stand.

I do not need a stand because the paper seems to stand of its own accord.

How do you make a triangular stand?
Take an out of date of wanted flip over calendar with a firm cover. Pull off a piece of thick card. fold the card in half longways.  Turn the calendar open with the spiral binding at the top so it forms an A shape on your desk. Stick tape or glue the piece of card to link the two sides of the A and form a base. If you have taken a piece of card from the calendar, it should be the same width. Alternatively cut a piece from a cereal box.

Your printout of the alphabet in the foreign language on a keyboard can stand against the A frame, or be stick taped to it for a permanent aid.

Photo
Alternatively photograph your qwerty keyboard. Print onto white paper. type out the foreign symbols for each letter on your laptop or computer screen. Copy the foreign letters onto the printed sheet alongside the corresponding key. Use a coloured marker for the second alphabet.

Post it or mini sticker for keys
If you are bilingual or working with two languages all day, it might be worthwhile to print off the alphabet and stick a tiny letter on each key. I suspect if you use post its your fingers will soon slide if off. On the other hand if you use a glue, you risk getting your keys stuck down and making a mess, getting glue on your fingers. It depends how neat a person you are.

http://www.qsm.co.il/Hebrew/keyboard.htm

Somebody on a Duolingo forum suggested I should buy 'keyboard stickers'. I looked them up on the internet and immediately found them on eBay in several languages and colours. I would want a different colour from my keyboard as contrast.

I presume these stickers are ready gummed and the sort of gum which is suitable and won't melt or slide and a suitable size. You must check what is available in your location and if they would suit your situation. You could even leave them as a sign on the table without sticking them onto your keyboard.

Russian Keyboard Stickers
http://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/RUSSIAN-KEYBOARD-STICKERS-TRANSPARENT-SUPER-DURABLE-NON-FADE-various-colours-/151785029563?var=&hash=item235717bfbb
The price for these is £1.99 (my eBay site is set to record that I am in the UK so the price appears in pounds sterling).

Greek Keyboard Stickers
See through stickers sounds good idea. On Amazon I found this set, prices quoted in dollars, American dollars I presume, $2.36 plus $4.49 to post to the UK. A bit dearer, but if you are buying them for business use and claiming them as a business expense I presume you will want the most suitable product, smart in appearance and quick to stick, rather than the cheapest.
https://www.amazon.com/KEYBOARD-STICKERS-TRANSPARENT-BACKGROUND-LETTERING/dp/B002FYFU8Q

The stickers are very reasonably priced. They come in various colours. If you have a white keys on your keyboard you will want to use any colour except white, preferably different to the colour of the English. If you have a black keys, you will want any colour except black, and probably a contrast to the white letters of QWERTY.

You can also buy stickers for other languages such as Arabic.
Or Hebrew and Arabic.
http://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/MAC-ARABIC-HEBREW-ENGLISH-KEYBOARD-STICKER-NON-TRANSPARENT-BLACK-FOR-COMPUTER
From the USA. $6.85 (approx £5.20 depending on exchange rate) plus postage and packing $3.99, approx £3.03.

Check that you are buying stickers which are for your size keyboard and positioning of letters.

Other languages available in stickers are French, German, Korean, Spanish, Thai, Farsi and Persian.

Angela Lansbury, travel writer and photographer, language teacher.