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Showing posts with label Sabbath. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Sabbath. Show all posts

Thursday, February 6, 2020

How To Remember The Days Of The Week In Malay


Flag of Malaysia.

My family picked up a free for customers 2020 calendar produced by Suzuki in a garage in Singapore.


Flag of China

The calendar has English, Malay and Mandarin.

Days of the week
English - Malay
Sunday - Ahad
Monday - Isnin
Tuesday - Selasa
Wednesday - Rabu
Thursday - Khamis
Friday - Jumaat
Saturday - Sabtu



How do you remember them? Firstly, let's sort out Saturday and Sunday.
Sabtu begins with an S and you might think it is Sabbath and Sunday. No, it is Saturday. Easier than you think. The Moslems celebrate on Friday, the Jews on Saturday and the Christians on Sunday.
So how do you remember Sabtu is like the Jewish Sabbath. Don't bother worrying about that. The simple way is to simply look at the letters. Saturday and Sabtu begin with the same two letters.



Malay- English
Ahad - Sunday - AH- A Day of rest, for most, Sunday. I/Ah had a good day of rest.
Isnin - Monday - iIS it Not n the office day, moNday. It's not monday, is it?
Selasa - Tuesday - Selasa SE in TuESday. SEcond day of the week. SElasa.
Rabu - Wednesday - RABU short four letters, remember it's half way, about midweek, you (U) only have two days to the weekend, Wednesday
Khamis - Thursday - Khamis with an h kHamis is tHursday. Coming to the end of the week. Hurray!
Jumaat - Friday - Jumaat - Jews celebrate Friday night, eve of Sabbath, and Moslems Are AT prayer All day.
Sabtu - Saturday - SA-btu is SA-turday

The memory aids are helpful even if they simply make you keep re-reading the list of the days of the week it until you remember them all.

Now let's look at them and see if you can remember the English from the Malay.

Sabtu - which day?
Ahad - which day?

Isnin - which day?
Selasa - which day?

Rabu - which day?
Khamis - which day?

Jumaat - which day?
Sabtu - which day?

Now, let's mix them up.
Isnin - ?
Jumaat - ?
Ahad - ?
Rabu - ?
Selasa - ?
Khamis - ?
Rabu - ?
Sabtu - ?

Now let's try them in a sentence. Will I see you Monday?
Isnin.

Useful Websites
Malaysia tourism
https://www.tourism.gov.my/

Malay/Indonesian languages
Duolingo.com


About the Author
Angela Lansbury, travel writer and photographer, author and speaker. Teacher of English and other languages. Please share links to your favourite posts.

Monday, July 1, 2019

Israel Holiday Memories - nearly starved on the Sabbath!


Israel Holiday Memories
As I sipped my drink, Prosecco, in Tish Restaurant (previous post) in London we discussed pre-payment. I remembered years ago when I visited Israel with a student friend, we found ourselves on a university campus which only served pre-booked meals. You paid in advance and had a taken to wear and who or hand over. We thought we were going to starve, to fast for a day. We were a long way from the nearest town and the transport was not running on Sabbath.

Israel Holiday Memories
I took a leftover bread roll from a tray, much to the horror of my friend. Then we found a student  from London who spoke English and Hebrew and took pity on us two girls from London. He gave us his dessert to share and some of his paid for food.

He said, "I have already eaten enough. Besides I have more food in my room."

Finally, he explained in Hebrew to the restaurant staff and asked if they had an extra food, or an unclaimed meal main course. We promised to pay them back the next day.

Useful Websites For Travellers
Elal.com

Author
Angela Lansbury, travel writer and photographer.

Monday, September 25, 2017

What Is Or Isn't Kosher. What About Vegetarians, Vegans, Other Diets?

Kosher McDonald's, Argentina
English: kosher McDonald's restaurant in Abasto shopping, Buenos Aires, Argentina
EspaƱol: McDonald's, kosher, en el Abasto Shopping, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Deutsch: koscheres McDonald's-Restaurant, im Abasto Shopping, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Date9 February 2011
SourceOwn work
AuthorGeogast

Kosher
Kosher food laws followed the laws in the bible. The book of laws, translated from Hebrew into Greek is called Leviticus (then translated into Latin and finally into English).

The food laws include, but are not limited to the following:

No pork.
No shellfish.
No meat mixed with milk.

Food must be either prepared by somebody Jewish (so they know about all the above) or be supervised by a learned Jewish person such as a rabbi or shochet. (I remember reading that at the turn of the 1900s a wealthy orthodox man - I think there was one in Singapore - employed his own shochet to kill the meat and prepare it, when at home or when travelling, having first inspected the animal to see it was not diseased. )

Observing The Sabbath
The Hatch End branch of B & K, according to their website is now kosher. I had a chat with them once about this. They said as far as they are concerned, they service kosher food, like your mother does. But they can't get a Kosher license from the London Beth Din (or Manchester or any other UK city), which is an advantage because they don't have to pay for the inspection. The reason was that to comply with the Beth Din, they would have to close on the Sabbath, sunset to sundown, varying in the UK with the season (like restaurants and shops in Golders Green and North West London.

Kosher - if you care, or care to know
However, since the supermarkets such as Tesco are selling kosher food in a chiller cabinet, and kosher wines, in a shop which is open on Saturday employing non-Jewish staff (who by Jewish laws, according to one law must be allowed to rest on the Jewish Sabbath, but that presumes they are in your employ and work on Sunday, or are allowed to work on the Sabbath like the kosher goy who can light your fire. (Elvis Presley was the one who lit the oven for the Jewish lady who lived upstairs.)

So, assuming it is OK for Tesco and other supermarkets to sell kosher food on Saturday, it should be OK. (It is rather like your Jewish mother or granny, if she is frum - meaning orthodox, serving food on Sabbath. How can she do that? She can say, 'this is one I prepared earlier'. In my view, logically, it would also be OK to be served by non-Jews who have a different day of rest.  Then it must be OK for the owners, who are not Jewish, or not necessarily Jewish. The same must apply to their staff who for a day of rest get Monday off.

Unfortunately, recently I have seen supermarkets cover their Jewish section on Jewish holidays, which is a real nuisance if you are on your way to an event and urgently need a bottle of kosher wine, whether it is to serve to Jewish people or be props when you give a talk to a mixed audience about the Jewish holidays.

Other kosher foods may be distributed around a supermarket, such as chocolates which are marked as kosher, in case Jewish people want to buy them, but are generally bought by any passer-by who happens to want a cake or biscuit.

In practice, I expect somebody could tell Tesco or another supermarket to cover their kosher section during a religious holiday or the Sabbath. 

However, large numbers of kosher items, packaged goods with the words kosher in tiny 10 point type, find themselves all over huge supermarkets. Matzos are often found in two places. In the kosher section. Again in the bread sections. The same goes for cakes, biscuits, chocolates, halva, wine. 

I am not an authority. This is just to give you a pointer as to what to check on.

Stories
Barmitzvah At An Italian Restaurant in London, England
What could go wrong?
1 To economize and for convenience, a non-Orthodox family holds their son's bar mitzvah party, not in a kosher restaurant, not at a synagogue hall or banqueting hall with a kosher caterer, but in a nearby smaller Italian restaurant. To please their more Orthodox Jewish friends the family has asked for a meal with no pork, opting for a fish meal so they can have milky coffee and desserts contained milk and milky white sauce on the fish. 

It is all very grand and appealing. We start with smoked salmon. However, the restaurant serves the starter decorated with prawns! 

Oops. Prawns are shellfish. Not allowed. What to do? 

Send all starters back? Chuck them all in the bin?

Surreptitiously remove prawns from the ones served to the first table? Or leave prawns as leftovers for the family and staff. Manage to serve the rest of the food without the prawns. Provide a fruit alternative to those ultra-fussy people who now suspect that the chef has simply removed prawns and sent back the contaminated smoked salmon.

Who will pay for the mistake? What about the delay waiting for food? The embarrassment. The stress.

The restaurant and staff are no longer there. This event was in the nineteen-nineties at an Italian restaurant in Hatch End which closed down and changed name and ownership and food nationality several times. The boy is now an adult. But we often talk about it. 
"Do you remember the time when the restaurant served prawns at a bar mitzvah!" 
"Oh, yes!"

2 You would think that the simple solution would be to stick to a vegetarian diet for everybody. Who could mind? What could go wrong.

Your Jewish friends are happy. Their Moslem guests knowing there's no pork will be happy. (Although one said you should not mix eggs and fish.)

3 What about your other international guests with assorted diets?

Some 'vegetarians' avoid meat but will eat fish.

Story
INDIAN DIET
We went out with Indian friends to Raffles Hotel in Singapore. Two married couples, English and Indian. We had a buffet, shared the food platters which included at least one meat meal.

A couple of weeks later, I invited my new girlfriend for lunch. I suggested an Indian restaurant. She vetoed it. She was eating vegetarian. I was puzzled.
"Why?" I asked. I thought you ate meat at Raffles?"
"Yes," she said, "But today is devoted to a different God, and I have to be vegetarian."

We went to a vegetarian restaurant. It took me a day or two to feel relaxed about this idea. I had grown up in England, at that time surrounded by people following two of the world's one God religions, speaking English. I went to a local Church of England secondary school, but the day's of the week in English are named after pagan or Norse gods. Monday is moon day. Thursday is Thor's day. I reasoned that the days of the week are named after different Gods.  

Christians change their diet. Catholics used to give up meat and eat fish on Fridays. Out of deference to the Catholic girl pupils and staff, my Church of England girls' grammar school on Friday served fried fish or a quiche containing eggs and cheese but no meat.

During Lent, Christians give up certain foods. Each household has a different diet normally. So each person can choose what to give up. (No point in giving up meat if you don't normally eat it.)

Jews give up leavened bread for Pesach (Passover). According to a Discovery programme, this might go all the way back to a rainy spring in Pharaoh's time. The moisture from one year's wet weather caused the stored grain to grow mould. It led to what used to be called St Vitus's Dance. The eldest boy child would be five years older than the next. The firstborn would get a double helping of food at late night dinner time, in the year of contaminated harvest a double portion of the contaminated food. Hence the death of the firstborn who were all found dead, slain by an invisible force in the night. 

To prevent last year's crop infecting the new spring harvest, all the old flour was finished off with spring cleaning. The mould situation was so serious that every year you had everything cleared out. Stored foods had no 'use by' nor 'sell by' dates in those days. Besides, the majority of ordinary people could not read.

Story
I went to visit Jewish friend whose daughter had married an ultra-Orthodox boy. I played safe and took them a pot plant. They said they would have to keep the pot plant in the garage during Pesach, in case it had any insects which would contaminate the house.

Vegans
The vegans are stricter than vegetarians who won't eat meat, and the no meat and fish eaters. Vegans won't eat anything taken from an animal. They won't have eggs, milk, milk products such as butter, cream, yogurt and cheese.

Ok, so we've cut out meat, fish, cheese, eggs, milk, butter, what else could go wrong?

The Jains only eat food from above the ground, so no potatoes. 

No fish and chips then.

Let's look at it another way. Who can we invite?

Let's invite the Chinese over for a Chinese meal. It is said that the Chinese eat anything (with four legs) except the table!

Oh, but what about allergies? One in four Asians has an intolerance to milk. The Asians are therefore not big on cheese. The Japanese don't like spicy food.

A Chinese friend of mine has one daughter who eats and drinks everything, another girl can't tolerate milk products.

My other good friend who is Chinese is married to a man who developed or discovered late in life that he had a gluten intolerance. She started a gluten free food business in Singapore. Her husband can't eat bread. Biscuits. Gluten is in everything. Or might be. As my husband once said of me, when I expressed lukewarm enthusiasm for accompanying him hiking up Everest with a Sherpa who would be carrying and cooking vegan rations, except for Yak food.) "Don't come with us, dearest. Even you enjoyed yourself, nobody else would!" 

Gosh - everybody's got a problem with something.  Those who don't have a problem today could develop an allergy tomorrow. So could I.

I think I'll just sit on my own and eat a grape and drink water. But I can plan my next restaurant meal. Let the other diners and the restaurant manager sort things out for themselves.   

Sometimes it seems as if the world's problems and difficulties are multiplying since I was a child, multiplying every day. But that's what happens when you travel and others travel to you. A constant discovery of new products and new ideas.

Author
Angela Lansbury, travel writer and photographer, author and speaker.
Please share links to your favourite posts.

Sunday, August 14, 2016

What's the difference between kosher and Jewish style and Halal? Where's the best?

Doughnuts, festival food.

I have eaten bagels and borsht, Jewish style and kosher food in homes and restaurants in the UK, USA, Singapore and Australia and Poland and Israel. I have eaten in kosher or Jewish style restaurants in London, England; New York, New Jersey, USA; Singapore; and Warsaw in Poland. I have also had halal food in homes, gatherings, and restaurants the UK, Singapore, Malaysia, Tunisia, Morocco and Jordan. (This includes Toastmasters clubs, bar mitzvahs, weddings, and funerals.)

Menu Choice
In a previous post I described Delisserie in Hatch End: 'The menu is New York Grill. Lots of Jewish style food such as bagels and salmon and salt beef. Plus pastrami. ' I also mentioned B & K of Edgware and Hatch End which serves salt beef and latkes and lokshen pudding (noodle pudding).

I have said, 'But not kosher'. What does that mean?

Supervision
A kosher restaurant in the UK will carry a notice saying that they are under the London Beth Din in London or another authority in another city.

Different branches have different supervising bodies. The Sephardis (Spanish style) are separate from the Ashkenazis (German style - including Russian and Polish).

Menus
What is not on the menu? The rules follow the Hebrew Bible laws, translated into Greek and Latin and then English as the book of Leviticus in what Christians call The Old Testament. 

1 Shellfish is forbidden - no crab, lobster, prawns, prawn cocktail, shrimps etc.
2 No milk and meat at the same meal. Some restaurants serve meat but the coffee will have non dairy creamer or more usually people will order black coffee or herbal tea. In Israel you are likely to get restaurants which always serve meat but not milk, or always serve milk but not meat. No milk will mean no milk in your coffee, no yogurt, no cheese, no milk desserts, no milk chocolate.
3 No pork. This means no pork, no bacon, no ham. No lard. Turkey must be kosher. 
4 Strictly kosher means everything is kosher, prepared in a kosher kitchen with different pots and pots, even sinks and fridges and colour coded tea towels and chopping boards. 
5 Glatt kosher means the person checking the meat will be extra strict and pay attention to the condition of the lungs of the animal.
6 Blood is not served but drained out of the meat prior to cooking. No bloody steaks. No black pudding.

Regarding Delisserie, not only are they not claiming to be kosher and not supervised, they have the sort of dishes which make anybody with a knowledge of kosher food read twice to be sure they saw what they think they saw - meat burgers containing cheese. (A kosher rule is don't mix meat and milk in the same meal.) 

B & K serve Jewish style food but not strictly kosher food. 

Why would a restaurant do that? Because they want to open on Saturday when many customers want to eat or buy from the deli. Because the owners or chefs are not Jewish but worked in Jewish restaurants or know customers in the area like Jewish style food, bagels and chollah but are not fussed about rules.

Those who like Jewish style food and aren't bothered about keeping kosher will be very happy. Hatch End has more Jewish style food at B and K.  Hatch End and many high streets in NW London have kosher restaurants and kosher food in supermarkets.

Opening Hours
What would a restaurant have to do to be kosher? They would have to close on the Sabbath. This is not 9-5 on Friday and Saturday. It is following the hours of sunlight and darkness. So in summer your favourite kosher restaurant or bakery or kosher bagel supplier in an area such as Golders Green would be able to open later on Friday because it gets dark well after 5 pm, but would not open again until late on Saturday night in summer. Conversely, the same eating place in winter would be closing early in London on Friday, but opening earlier on Saturday night. (The same would apply according to sunrise and sunset in other parts of the world.)

A kosher restaurant will also be opening and closing for Jewish holidays. 

Halal Food, Pork and Shellfish
Halal food is similar to Jewish food regarding the banning of pork and pork products. So, to avoid pork, you would fare well in restaurants in the Middle East, or in Halal restaurants.

Mixing Meal and Milk
However, Halal food does not require the separation of milk and meat. (In Jordan the popular dish, one might say nation dish, is a young animal cooked in milk.)

Watching for Shellfish
In Malaysia and Singapore if you want to avoid pork, which is popular in Chinese restaurants, you could try the Halal restaurants and fast food outlets. However, if you are avoiding shellfish for religious reasons or have a shellfish allergy, watch out for Chinese and Malay and halal rice dishes containing prawns. 

Shellfish in Korea
I also had a nasty moment in Korea. We had a translator-guide with us for a weekend away. The guide assured me there was no shellfish in the mixed vegetable soup. I tried it and detected a very sour taste. She assured me that the sour taste must be from pickled vegetables. She conferred again with the waiting staff. I dipped my spoon in again. Up came a small curved white and pink item. Definitely shellfish! 

By now I was feeling tingling on my lips lips and the tip of my tongue. I spat into my napkin, raced to the  ladies, washed out my mouth several times and made myself sick three times. 

My most embarrassing food faux pas moments have included:
1 Asking for milk in my coffee in a kosher restaurant.
2 Taking gifts of non-kosher chocolates to a Jewish family. Plus non-kosher wine. And a pot plant - what? A pot plant at Pesach had to be left in their garage or taken back to my home or the shop. I asked a non-religious Jew why this was. He replied, "Because they believe in storks and unicorns. The eleventh commandment is thou shalt not have nasturtiums in thy parlour." I think it's something to do with non contamination after you've done a complete spring clean preparing for Passover. 
3 Nearly offering cakes containing flour to a kosher family during Peach.
4 Serving fish balls to guests at a funeral. A visiting Jewish guest was a lapsed Jew. What could go wrong? He was not kosher - but he was vegan.

If you want to be strictly kosher or halal you can try vegetarian or vegan restaurants. If you are running an event at a restaurant or club or conference, you may need to bring in airline style food which is supplied sealed. 

Keeping Kosher
This is not a guide to keeping kosher. Please check with the relevant authorities. It is simply a guide to what you might find or not find in a restaurant, so that you know to check the opening times and menus to be sure of avoiding embarrassment and maximising your chance of enjoying filling food and some of the world's most wonderful cuisines.

Best Borscht
I've had borsht in the USA, Poland, Britain and Australian. I prefer Borsht made Polish or Ashkenazi style (thickened with potato or cream) rather than Russian style which is a clear soup. I think the best salt beef and lokshen pudding are at B and K which has two branches in London. The greatest chance of getting borscht is in Warsaw where about half the restaurants I visited had it on the menu.

Dreaming Of Bagels and B and K
I have lived in London and Singapore and Washington DC.  'Maybe it's because I'm a Londoner,' as the song goes, 'that I think of her, wherever I go'. When I travel elsewhere I dream of B and K in London. Whether I'm in New York or Singapore or Warsaw or Israel, I still think the best Jewish style food is in London.

Angela Lansbury, travel writer and author and speaker.