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Tuesday, March 3, 2026

9 More Welsh Words

 Welsh - English

afal - apple
babi - baby
bad - boat
bore da - good morning
cath - cat
Cymru - Wales

fferm - farm

o - from

oren -orange

un - one

English - Welsh

apple - afal (my memory aid is an apple will fall)
baby - babi
boat - bad (not a bad boat)
cat - cath

farm - fferm

from - o

one - un

orange - oren

Wales - Cymru

You can buy a handy tea towel with Welsh words from ebay, giving you the numbers one to ten, the months of the year, the days of the week, and several place names. Ready for your next trip to Wales, in real life or on the internet.

Useful Websites

ebay

Welsh words with lady on harp picture in the middle, good price £4.99 and free postage but out of stock, however Welsh recipes in stock

https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/133647382026?itmmeta=01KJST820X5EY5N3YHTB11XH46&hash=item1f1e01360a:g:1~MAAOSwUhth4ae8

Welsh ladies alphabetical tea towel from Our Welsh Gift Shop on ebay


https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/389352509545?itmmeta=01KJSTK996DMJ99D8RY82J0RRM&hash=item5aa737d069:g:5YAAAeSwaxtpPRJ6

Tuesday, February 28, 2023

More Albanian - needs on arrival and getting about

 

Flag of Albania.

I made lists of words I thought I would need to use or recognize when travelling, common words and useful words.

Words which are the same or nearly the same are hotel and farmaci.

Common words
and - dhe
danger - rreziku
the -të
or - ose
you - ju
warning -paralajmërim 


dhe - and të - the ju - you
ose - or paralajmërim - warning
rreziku- danger

You may need 

Linking words English - Albanian


at/beside - në/përkrah

from - nga

to - te

right/left - djathtas /majtas

yes/no po/jo

please/thank you - ju lutem/faleminderit

hello/goodbye - përshëndetje / mirupafshim

boy/girl - djale vajze

man/women - burrë/grua


Albanian - English (alphabetically) 

burrë/grua - man/woman
djale vajze - boy/girl
djathtas majtas - right/left
ju lutem/faleminderit - please/thank you
në/përkrah - at/beside
nga - from
përshëndetje / mirupafshim - hello/goodbye
po/jo - yes/no
te - to


Countries

Albania/Albanian

England/English

America/American

London/Londoner

Germany/German

Shqipëri/shqiptar
Angli/Anglisht
Amerikë/Amerikane
Londër/Londër
Gjermani/gjerman

Albanian - English

ajo - she

ju - you ( similar to the French tu, two letters, but more like d'you, to remember the j, I think you juvenile)

bar/snack bar/coffee shop/bistro/cheap restaurant/fine restaurant/local style restaurant/national food


From Maps

bridge - urë

cafe - kafene

car park - parkim makinash

city - qytet

drinking water

drug store - farmaci

entrance - hyrje

exit - dalje

free - falas

hotel - hotel

urë - BRIDGE
kafene- CAFE
parkim makinash - CAR PARK
qytet - CITY
ujë i pijshëm - DRINKING WATER
farmaci - pharmacy (UK) drug store (USA)
hyrje - entrance
dalje - exit
falas - free
hotel - hotel


Useful websites

wikivoyage

Monday, July 30, 2018

Romanian words you will recognize

Flag of Romania

Problem
On a video about a bear attack in northern Romania and the relocation of the bear, I saw a sentence which I half understood. I translated it and could recognize half or more of the words. To instantly forget them was a wasted opportunity. So I have collect them here to look at again and again later.

I saw a video on learning languages which said you learn quicker if you read about subjects which interest you. I've been hiking in Romania and was alarmed by all the signs warning about bears and not feeding them, nor leaving litter such as food or food wrappers lying around because that could attract bears.

Two sentences read in translation:

Aggressive bear will be carried to the reserve.
Bear from Tusnad which attacked two men will be relocated to Zarnesti.

The adjectives come after the nouns. In English we would say aggressive bear. In Romanian they say ursoaica  agresivă
(The bowl shape diacritic (accent) should be over the a. I don't have it on my keyboard so I have copied it.)

Answer
I find Romanian very easy, similar to Italian.

Romanian - English
agresivă - aggressive (matching female word)
barbati - men
care - which
de - of
din - from
doi  /două - two
dusa - carried
fi - be
în - in
la - to
mutat - moved
relocata - relocated
reservati - reserve / reservation
ursoaica - bear
va / voi - will

English - Romanian
aggressive - agresiv (masculine) / agresivă (feminine)
attacked - atacat
be - fi
bear - urs
carried - dusa, transportate
from - in
in - in
in the
men - bărbați (I could not get the cedilla under the t and had to copy the whole word)
moved - mutat
of - de
relocated - relocata
reserve / reservation - reservă / reservare
to (the) la
two - doi
which - care
will - va

Please share links to your favourite posts.

Monday, August 28, 2017

Easy To Remember German Words from the Poem Bridge on the Tay (railway disaster 1789)

Problem Translating German

I found a German poem about the Bridge on the River Tay. The disaster happened Dec 28 1879. Scottish poet immortalised the event and himself in the poem he wrote.

Wikipedia told me that a German poet had written a poem on this event. Was it a different poem, or a translation?


Die Brück’ am Tay
(28. Dezember 1879)
When shall we three meet again?
The three witches in Macbeth, making predictions.
GERMAN

»Wann treffen wir drei wieder zusamm?«
   »Um die siebente Stund‘, am Brückendamm.«
     »Am Mittelpfeiler.«
         »Ich lösche die Flamm.«
5
 »Ich mit«

ENGLISH TRANSLATION
When will we three meet again? (Literally: when meet we three again together)
On/around the seventh hour, on the (bridges dam/ Google gives Bridge of Bruck?)
On/at the pillar /pier (middle pillar)
I'll erase/lose/extinguish/kill the flame (metaphor for life?)
I with (Me with, Me too, I also, I'm with you, I'll be with you)

         »Ich komme vom Norden her.«
»Und ich vom Süden.«
             »Und ich vom Meer.«

ENGLISH TRANSLATION
I come from (the) North
And I from (the) South
And I from (the) sea

»Hei, das gibt einen Ringelreihn,
10
Und die Brücke muß in den Grund hinein.«

»Und der Zug, der in die Brücke tritt
Um die siebente Stund’?«
             »Ei, der muß mit.«
»Muß mit«

ENGLISH TRANSLATION
Hey, here is a ring
And the bridge must (go) in the ground (fall/go in/enter)

And the train, which in/on the bridge goes
At the seventh hour
Oh, it must (go) with
(It) Must, (go) with (or too)

Ringel is ringlet
sieben is seven


15
        »Tand, Tand
Ist das Gebilde von Menschenhand!«

Auf der Norderseite, das Brückenhaus —
Alle Fenster sehen nach Süden aus,
Und die Brücknersleut’ ohne Rast und Ruh
20
Und in Bangen sehen nach Süden zu,
Sehen und warten, ob nicht ein Licht
Übers Wasser hin »Ich komme« spricht,
»Ich komme, trotz Nacht und Sturmesflug,
Ich, der Edinburger Zug.«
25
Und der Brückner jetzt: »Ich seh’ einen Schein
Am anderen Ufer. Das muß er sein.
[586]
Nun, Mutter, weg mit dem bangen Traum,
Unser Johnie kommt und will seinen Baum,
Und was noch am Baume von Lichtern ist,
30
Zünd’ alles an wie zum heiligen Christ,
Der will heuer zweimal mit uns sein, —
Und in elf Minuten ist er herein.«

Und es war der Zug. Am Süderturm
Keucht er vorbei jetzt gegen den Sturm,
35
Und Johnie spricht: »Die Brücke noch!
Aber was tut es, wir zwingen es doch.
Ein fester Kessel, ein doppelter Dampf,
Die bleiben Sieger in solchem Kampf.
Und wie’s auch rast und ringt und rennt,
40
Wir kriegen es unter, das Element.

Und unser Stolz ist unsre Brück’;
Ich lache, denk’ ich an früher zurück,
An all den Jammer und all die Not
Mit dem elend alten Schifferboot;
45
Wie manche liebe Christfestnacht
Hab’ ich im Fährhaus zugebracht
Und sah unsrer Fenster lichten Schein
Und zählte und konnte nicht drüben sein.«

Auf der Norderseite, das Brückenhaus —
50
Alle Fenster sehen nach Süden aus,
Und die Brücknersleut’ ohne Rast und Ruh
Und in Bangen sehen nach Süden zu;
Denn wütender wurde der Winde Spiel,
Und jetzt, als ob Feuer vom Himmel fiel’,
55
Erglüht es in niederschießender Pracht
Überm Wasser unten... Und wieder ist Nacht.

»Wann treffen wir drei wieder zusamm?«
   »Um Mitternacht, am Bergeskamm,«
     »Auf dem hohen Moor, am Erlenstamm.«
[587]

60
 »Ich komme.«
     »Ich mit«
         »Ich nenn’ euch die Zahl.«
»Und ich die Namen.«

        »Und ich die Qual.«
65
 »Hei!
   Wie Splitter brach das Gebälk entzwei.«
        »Tand, Tand
Ist das Gebilde von Menschenhand.«

ENGLISH TRANSLATION
And I (am)the torment
Hey!
So (in) splinters broke the (building/entablature) in two
(a) (tiny) fragment, (a) tiny fragment
Is the structure /construction (building or rebuilt literally has been built ge means past/gone/done) of (the) men's/ mankind's hand (the hand of a man but German makes one word from the double word phrase)

Looking at the German poem, I have picked out words which I can easily recognize and remember. I am recording them alphabetically. 


GERMAN - ENGLISH

Only one or two letters change to something which sounds similar. Same letters in caps.
Brücke - bridge (BR..E ck -dg)
dezember - December (DE.EMBER z-c)
drei - three (.RE. d-t) 
hand - hand
haus - house (H ..S au-ou)
ich - I (I..)
ist - is (IS. st-s)
komme - come (.OM.E k-c)
Mensch - man (M.N...)
nacht - night (N.cH. ch-gh) 
Norden - North / northern area (NOR.... d-th)
und - and (.ND u-a)
von / vom - from (..O. v-f n-m)
Wasser - (.A..ER water SS-t)

It's easy to work out the English from the German, in context, and once you know, especially with the help of Google translate.


ENGLISH - GERMAN

and - und
bridge - Brücke
come - komme
December - dezember
from - von / vom
hand - hand
house - haus
I - ich
is - ist
men - mensch
night - nacht
North / northern (area) - Norden
three - drei
water - Wasser

Author

Angela Lansbury, travel writer and photographer, author and speaker. Teacher of English and other languages. I have several more posts on European languages, English, French, German, Spanish, Italian and Welsh and Romanian. Also destination guides and stories. Please share links to your favourite posts.



Wednesday, August 23, 2017

Translation of An Italian Restaurant Menu

Problem
What are the dishes at my nearby Italian restaurants?

Answer
FOOD MENU
Italian - English
affumicata - smoked
aglio - garlic
agnello - lamb
Antipasti - starters
bistecca - beefsteak
bufalo - buffalo
burro - butter
Carne - meat (as in English words carnivore noun meaning meat eater, carnivorous, adjective)
(della) casa - (literally of the house) house style / home made / house speciality
con - with
di - of or from
e - and
Fiorentina - Florentine (style of Italian city of Florence) with spinach
fritti - deep fried
funghi - mushrooms
giorno - day (as in soup of the day and good day)
griglia - grill
Insalata - salad
limone - lemon
marinate - marinated
Milanese - style served in Italian city of Milan
Mozzarella - Mozzarella cheese
olio - oil
pane - breads
Pasta all 'Italiana - Pasta Italian Style
pescatora - with seafood
Pesce - fish
pollo - chicken
ricotta - a type of cheese, the word literally means recooked
risotto - rice dish, usually made with sticky rice which sticks together rather than long grain Basmati rice used in Indian restaurants
rosmarino - rosemary (herb)
rugatta - from Latin meaning wrinkle
salvia - sage
scaloppa - escalope (French) or slide ; plural escallopine
Scozzese - Scottish style - (menu says Scotch - does this mean Scottish style or with whiskey?)
smoked - affumicata
spinaci - spinach
steak - bistecca (not necessarily beef - check with staff)
tonno - tuna
tradizionale - traditional style
tricolore - triple colour (the three colours of the Italian flag: red, white, green, usually white cheese, red tomato and a green vegetable)
vitello - veal
zucchini - courgette
Zuppa - soup

English - Italian
and - e
(beef) steak - bistecca
buffalo - bufalo
butter - burro
chicken - pollo
courgette - zucchini
day - giorno
escalope (slice) - scaloppa
fegato - calves' liver
fish - pesce
(Deep) fried - fritti
garlic - aglio
grill - griglia
lamb - agnello
lemon - limone
liver (calves' liver) fegato
marinated - marinate
meat - carne
Milan style - Milanese
mushrooms - f u n g h i
oil - olio
rosemary (herb) - rosmarino
sage - salvia
salad - insalata
soup - zuppa
three colour - tricolore
traditional / classic - tradizionale
tuna - tonno
veal - vitello
with - con

DRINKS
Italian wines you may wish to order
Asti
chianti
doppio - double - as in double espresso
Prosecco - the area and the grape
Lambrusco
spumante - sparkling
rosso - red

CONVERSATION
Italian greetings
English - Italian
hello / good day - bon giorno
goodbye - arrivaderci
thank you - g r a z i e
not at all - p r e g o
please - per favore
'bye / so long - ciao

WORDS YOU MAY HEAR OR SEE
(la) tavola - (the) table

Tips
duo lingo
google translate
https://dreamdiscoveritalia.com/2015/06/23/italian-101-how-to-ask-where-is-the-toilet/

Author
Angela Lansbury, travel writer and photographer, author and speaker. Teacher of English and foreign languages. I have several more posts on foreign languages, restaurants, food, drink and destinations. Please share links to your favourite posts.